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Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, is known for its rich history, stunning architecture, and vibrant nightlife. The city offers a fascinating glimpse into the past, from ancient Roman ruins to grand Orthodox cathedrals. Its café culture is thriving, and the nightlife is lively and diverse.
Sofia is also one of the most affordable capitals in Europe, offering a variety of activities to keep visitors entertained.
In 2024, we spent over five days exploring the city's architecture, landmarks, museums, and unique experiences. In this blog, we will share our experience in Sofia and help you plan your trip to this beautiful city.
How to reach Sofia:
a. By Air:
Sofia International Airport is one of the gateways to Sofia from various parts of the world, including European countries. The airport offers direct or connecting flights to major cities worldwide. Moreover, it is not far from Sofia’s city center, making it easy to commute between the airport and downtown Sofia.
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b. By Bus:
There are several bus companies operating routes to and from Sofia from different countries. As we were coming from North Macedonia, we took a bus from Skopje - it was around a five-hour drive.
Normally, bus rides aren’t very pleasant for us, but we had a smaller bus that was more convenient and faster than regular buses. The Sofia Central Bus Station is located near the Sofia Train Station. You can easily reach anywhere in the city from the Sofia Bus station.
c. By Train:
You can travel with Bulgaria using their train service. Here you can find the link to book your ticket.
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Where to stay in Sofia:
a. Centrum:
If you are visiting for the first time, it’s highly suggested to stay in the Sofia Centrum so you can easily explore the city. In our case, we also stayed in the Centrum.
The hotel wasn’t very fancy but it had a good Sauna and jacuzzi and it was indeed the best location. All the main moments were within walking distance from the hotel. There were also many restaurants located nearby.
b. Lozenets:
You can also stay in the neighborhood of Lozenets which is in the south of the city center and known for its green space and it’s still close to Sofia Center.
c. Studentski Grad:
Studentski Grad is very popular among young tourists due to the nightlife but personally, I wouldn’t prefer it as sometimes, I feel a bit unsafe.
d. Boulevard Vitosha:
Boulevard Vitosha is famous for its shopping, dining, and entertainment - so it's also a good location to stay in Sofia.
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e. Oborishte:
If you are looking for a locality which is suited for families - you should consider staying in Oborishte.
How to Commute Within Sofia
a. Public Transport:
Sofia has a well-developed public transportation system, including several metro lines connecting different parts of the city. Metro trains are frequent and reliable. Besides the metro, the city also has buses, trolleybuses, and trams.
Public transport is also very affordable - a one-way ticket costs less than 1 euro (1.60 BGN). You can buy tickets at ticket machines outside metro stations.
In trams, you can pay contactless. Depending on your stay, you can also buy a day pass or a weekly ticket for unlimited travel.
b. Taxis:
Taxis are available throughout Sofia, but you should be cautious about taxi scams. It’s best to check with your hotel for a trusted taxi company. You can also ask for the estimated fare before starting your ride.
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In our case, we had heard about taxi scams in Sofia, so we only took a taxi to the airport, which cost around 22 BGN from the city center.
c. E-Scooters:
Several e-scooter companies operate in Sofia, providing a convenient and eco-friendly way to get around. We used Lime quite a lot during our stay, and it was easy to navigate the city this way.
d. Walking (Best for Central Areas):
Many attractions in Sofia are within walking distance, especially around Vitosha Boulevard and the city center. We walked a lot, hopping from one landmark to another, and found it to be a great way to explore the city.
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Is Sofia Safe for solo travellers or families?
Sofia is considered a safe city in Europe for both locals and visitors, with a low crime rate. However, based on our personal experience, we did encounter some uncomfortable or racially charged situations in the city center.
For example, while I was recording a video with my camera, a woman started shouting at me, telling me to "go back to your country" because of my expensive equipment.
On another occasion, while sitting at a street café, we encountered a man who kept passing by repeatedly and eventually came closer, making more offensive comments.
Instead of responding, we simply ignored him while remaining extra cautious about our belongings, such as our bags, phones, and cameras.
Our hotel used to lock the main entrance after 12 AM, but the reception was open 24 hours. Unfortunately, there was no way to access the entrance using a room card.
Instead, the receptionist, who was stationed right in front of the main entrance, would open the door after midnight. One night, we returned to the hotel around 2 AM, but the receptionist was nowhere to be found. We tried calling the hotel, but no one answered.
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While we were waiting, a group of four people stopped by and asked if we needed any help. You can usually sense whether someone is genuinely offering help or trying to cause trouble.
We told them we were fine, and they walked away. However, after taking just a few steps, we noticed that they started approaching us again.
Honestly, we got a bit scared, but luckily, at that moment, the hotel receptionist finally opened the door. We are not sure what their true intentions were, but the situation didn’t feel very safe.
Tips for exploring Sofia:
Based on our experience in Sofia, we would like to share some tips which will be helpful for your trip.
a. Watch Out for Pickpockets:
In crowded places like Vitosha Boulevard and in public transport, be sure about the pickpockets. Keep your valuables in the secure places.
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b. Be Aware of Taxi Scams:
Taxi scams are very common in Sofia. Taxi drivers normally over charged so, so it’s suggested to order the taxi from a reputable company or seek the support of your hotel for ordering the taxi.
c. Exchange Money Wisely:
It’s also suggested to exchange the money from the official exchanger or bank - avoid exchanging the money from street exchangers. Do count your money before leaving the counter.
Instead of exchanging the money, we used the ATM to withdraw money in the local currency - a bit expensive but I would prefer it as compared to avoid money exchange scams. There is also an option to pay with a credit card is available almost everywhere, we only use cash for buying the Metro ticket in some cases.
d. Be Cautious in Bars and Clubs
Some nightclubs may overcharge the tourists so check the price before ordering anything.
e. Be Careful in certain areas at Night
Most of the areas are safe in Sofia but I would recommend avoiding the area around Lion’s Bridge and some parts of Studentski Grad.
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f. Use Public Transport Carefully:
Be careful while using Sofia’s metro as they may have many pickpocketers. Especially, in the night bus, sit near the driver and avoid sitting in isolated areas.
g. Be cautious during the night:
Don’t carry any expensive things hanging out during the night. We used to come back before sunset to drop the camera to the hotel.
How many days needed to explore Sofia:
The ideal number of days to stay in Sofia depends on what you want to explore, but generally, 3 to 4 days is a good amount of time for most visitors to experience the city's main highlights.
We recommend planning at least 3-4 days in Sofia to explore its various landmarks and museums. If you have an extra day, we suggest visiting the UNESCO World Heritage site, Rila Monastery, which is about 1.5 hours from Sofia.
You can book a day trip with various tour operators who offer pick-up and drop-off services, or alternatively, you can use public transport, which takes about 3 hours one way.
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5-day itinerary of Sofia - Things to do in Sofia
Day 1:
1. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral:
Alexander Nevsky Cathedral is one of the most magnificent architectural landmarks, blending Eastern Orthodox styles. The cathedral reflects the history, culture, and faith of Bulgaria. It was built to commemorate the Russian soldiers who died in the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878). The cathedral was named after Alexander Nevsky, the Russian prince and military hero.
The cathedral is not only beautiful on the outside but also incredibly stunning inside. The church features walls covered in murals, an altar decorated with gold accents, and chandeliers hanging from the ceiling.
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The cathedral is also a representation of the religious values of Bulgaria. Many religious ceremonies take place here. Be aware of the dress code - it’s recommended to dress modestly.
2. Orthodox Temple of the Seven Saints:
The Orthodox Temple of the Seven Saints used to be an Ottoman mosque in the 16th century and it is known as the Black Mosque (Kara Camii).
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In 1901, the building was converted into an Orthodox church. Now, the church is dedicated to Seven Saints and it has a large central dome and beautifully painted frescoes with wood carvings.
3. Serdica Archaeological Complex:
The Serdica Archaeological Complex is located in the heart of Sofia’s city center, offering a glimpse into the ancient Roman city and taking you back 2,000 years. The modern city of Sofia was once known as Serdica during Roman times.
You can find the ruins in various parts of the city. Founded in the 1st century AD, Serdica became an important trade hub, as well as a center for commerce, governance, and military operations.
The ruins lie beneath the modern streets, and one of Sofia’s main metro stations is also named Serdica. At this metro station, you can view the archaeological site.
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The complex includes the remains of a Roman amphitheater, where gladiator games once took place. You can also see the Roman thermal baths, which were used for relaxation and socialization. As you walk along the ancient streets, you will encounter cobblestones and foundation walls from Roman times.
In addition to the Serdica metro station, the Serdica Archaeological Complex is close to other historical landmarks, including the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Vitosha Boulevard, and the Sofia History Museum.
4. Rotunda church of Saint George:
This church is one of the most significant and oldest landmarks of Sofia. The Rotunda Church is located in the heart of Sofia near residency and the Archaeological Museum.
The church dates back to the 4th century. The church was built during the Roman Empire and served various purposes like a museum, church, and even a mosque during Ottoman rule. It has very interesting architecture in a circular shape with red bricks and a dome.
5. Banya Bashi Mosque:
The Banya Bashi Mosque was built in the 16th century and highlights the history of Ottoman rule in Sofia. The mosque was designed by the famous architect Mimar Sinan and commissioned by Sultan Suleiman.
The mosque features a large central dome with a tall minaret, and the interior is adorned with beautiful calligraphy and geometric patterns.
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The mosque remains a central place of worship for the Muslim community. It is recommended to dress modestly when visiting the mosque.
6. Vitosha Boulevard:
Vitosha Boulevard is the main pedestrian street in Sofia, stretching from St. Nedelya Square to the foot of Vitosha Mountain. This vibrant street is home to a variety of shops, boutiques, and international brands.
But that’s not all - there are also numerous cafes and restaurants. We enjoyed dining at different places offering both local and international cuisines. Additionally, you'll find delicious Bulgarian pastries and international dessert shops.
The view from the street is simply beautiful on a clear day, with Vitosha Mountain providing a stunning backdrop.
This area of the city is also known for its events and nightlife. There are live music performances and a lively atmosphere with bars and clubs where the fun continues late into the night.
Day 2:
1. National Museum of Archaeology:
The National Museum of Archaeology is located in the heart of Sofia, near the Presidency and the Bulgarian National Bank. The museum used to be an Ottoman Büyük Mosque. It was established in 1892 and has five main halls, featuring artifacts from prehistoric times to the Middle Ages.
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Inside the museum, you can find the Prehistory Hall, which displays artifacts from early human settlements in Bulgaria. Next is the Treasury Hall, which features gold and silver treasures from ancient Bulgarian lands.
The Main Hall showcases masterpieces from the Thracian, Greek, and Roman civilizations. The Medieval Hall displays artifacts from the First and Second Bulgarian Empires.
The last section is the Temporary Exhibition Hall, which features new discoveries and international archaeological collaborations.
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2. National Museum of Natural History:
The National Museum of Natural History is the oldest and largest natural history museum in the Balkans. It has a collection of minerals, fossils, plants, and animal species.
The museum was founded in 1889 and it has four floors exhibiting geology, paleontology, botany, and zoology.
The museum is located at the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral and the National Art Gallery.
3. Borisova Gradina Park – Sofia’s Green Retreat
Borisova Gradina is the oldest park in Sofia, established in 1880. If you are looking for an escape from the hustle and bustle of the city, you can visit Borisova Gradina Park to enjoy its serene environment, perfect for relaxation and outdoor activities.
The park features lush greenery and vibrant flower beds. There are also sports facilities such as tennis, football, and basketball courts. Additionally, the park is home to the National Stadium "Vasil Levski".
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4. Church of St. Nikolay Chudotvorets:
The Church of St. Nikolay Chudotvorets also known as the Russian Church is one of the most beautiful and unique churches in Sofia. The church is located in the heart of Aleksandar Nevski Cathedral.
The church was built between 1907 to 1914 after the demolition of the mosque by Ottoman Rule. The church is an important center for the Russian Orthodox community in Bulgaria.
5. Loins’ Bridge:
The Lions’ Bridge is one of Sofia’s most iconic landmarks, located over the Vladaya River. It connects Maria Luiza Boulevard and Slivnitsa Boulevard.
Built in 1891, the bridge was constructed to replace an old wooden bridge. The four bronze lion statues symbolize strength, freedom, and Bulgaria’s resilience.
The Lions’ Bridge is located near Sofia Central Railway Station, with major landmarks within walking distance, including the Central Market Hall, Sofia Synagogue, Banya Bashi Mosque, and Eagles’ Bridge.
6. Saint Paraskeva church Sofia:
If you want to admire the beauty of another architectural masterpiece, then we would also suggest visiting Saint Paraskeva church, which is a small but significant Orthodox church. The church was constructed back in the 12th century.
The church is located near the Roman ruins of Serdica. One of them noted that the church is also open for religious activities, so beware not to disturb the worshippers.
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Day 3
1. National Art Gallery:
The National Art Gallery of Sofia is housed in the former Royal Palace of Sofia. If you are an admiral of art, you won’t be disappointed to find the vast collection of Bulgarian art from Medieval times to contemporary works. The gallery also has paintings, sculptures, and photographs.
2. Sofia Public Mineral Bath (Central Mineral Baths):
The Sofia Public Mineral Bath is a historic thermal bathhouse with beautiful architecture. It’s a reminder of the rich thermal spring heritage of Sofia from the Thracians, Romans, and Ottomans.
The building is located near Banya Bashi Mosque. These baths were operational until 1986, after which they closed due to poor maintenance.
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The Bathhouse was restored and reopened as Sofia History Museum which represents the history of Sofia, from ancient Serdica to modern times. There is a public fountain outside of the building which still provides free mineral water.
3. Central Sofia Market:
The Central Sofia Market isn’t like any other market - it’s a historical market that opened in 1911. The Central Sofia Market is located in the center of the city and it has a very unique architecture in Neo-Renaissance, Neo-Byzantine, and Art Nouveau styles.
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Nowadays, you can find fresh meat and dairy products and traditional Bulgarian foods like cheeses, sausages, and pastries. There are also small cafes.
4. Sofia Synagogue:
The Sofia Synagogue is one of the prominent synagogues in Europe and it’s located in the heart of Sofia, Bulgaria, near the Central Market Hall. The Synagogue represents a Bulgarian Jewish community and it was built in 1909 in Moorish Revival style.
There is also a museum that depicts the Jewish heritage in Bulgaria and around 50,000 Jews hid in Synagogues during World War II.
5. Cathedral of Sveta Nedelya:
The Cathedral of Sveta Nedelya is located near Sofia’s main square. It is a prominent religious landmark in Sofia, showcasing Byzantine and Bulgarian Revival architecture.
The church has been rebuilt several times over the centuries. It was destroyed by fires, earthquakes, and wars, and, in 1925, the church was the epicenter of a tragic bombing carried out by the Bulgarian Communist Party. The church is a center of religious activities, and it also houses a museum, allowing visitors to experience its history.
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6. Church of Saint Nicholas Rogozhskoe Cemetery:
The Church of Saint Nicholas at Rogozhskoe Cemetery is another Orthodox church that was built in the late 19th century. The church has a unique Byzantine Reviva with Bulgarian traditional architecture. The Rogozhskoe Cemetery is located next to the church which is a resting place for any notable Bulgarians.
Day 4:
1. The Red Flat - Everyday Life in Communist Bulgaria:
The Red Flat is not like a typical museum but it recreated a Bulgarian home from the 1980s and reflects the daily life during the communist era. It’s a bit of a nostalgic experience. Be aware that you have to make the booking in advance as there are limited tours available due to the small space.
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2. National Theater & City Garden:
The Ivan Vazov National Theater is located in the center of Sofia and it’s known as Bulgaria’s oldest and most prestigious theater.
The elegant neoclassical building is surrounded by a city garden where you can find locals socializing with each other/ The garden also hosts cultural events aswell.
3. Women’s Market (Zhenski Pazar):
The Women’s Market also known as Zhenski Pazar, is the oldest market in Sofia. The women’s market is located in the center of the city and it offers fresh produce, local delicacies, and spices.
This market is famous among locals and tourists who want to experience authentic Bulgarian culture and food.
4. Mladost District:
Sofia isn’t only about the city center but you can also get glimpses of modern infrastructure in Mladost district. This district is home to a business park and offices. It’s also attracting attracting multinational companies and startups.
The district has residential areas, shopping centers, and green spaces, making it a desirable location for both work and living.
If you have the time, you should definitely visit and get a glimpse of modern Sofia.
5. KvARTal - Art street:
You will be surprised to find the beautiful mural art that is spread across the different parts of Sofia. You can also opt for the walking tour exploring different parts of the city with street art. KvARTal District is particularly significant if you want to explore some art in the center of Sofia.
From Dondukov, Maria Luiza, Slivnitsa, and Vasil Levski boulevards, you can find some notable mural art. This area used to be a Jewish Quarter and nowadays, it has numerous creative workshops, galleries, restaurants, and cafes, contributing to its bohemian atmosphere.
The district also hosts the annual KvARTal Festival to celebrate the rich heritage through a diverse program of events including workshops, music performances, street art, and historical tours.
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6. Mall of Sofia:
The Mall of Sofia is the largest shopping and entertainment center in Sofia. If you want to enjoy good food or the cinema, this a go-to place. During summer, it gets very hot, so we explored the shopping and got a bit relieved from the heat.
During our stay, we also enjoyed a movie at the cinema located at the Mall of Sofia.
Day 5:
1. Boyana Church:
Boyana Church is one of the UNESCO World Heritage Site and it’s located a bit in the outskirts of Sofia at the foot of Vitosha Mountain. It’s a medieval Orthodox church from the 10th century and is known for its frescoes and medieval European art.
2. Vitosha Mountain:
If you are looking for short hiking or skiing in the winter, you should consider a trip to Vitosha Mountain which is not located on that far from Sofia center. The view of Sofia is breathtaking from there.
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You can also take a cable car to Vitosha Mountain for enjoying a breathtaking views of Sofia and the surrounding area. If you enjoy hiking, explore trails like Boyana Waterfall or Kumata Peak.
Day 6: Day Trip to Rila Monastery
Ending Note:
You should definitely consider Sofia as a great city to visit, with its rich history and positive vibes. It is also more affordable than many other European capitals. If you're looking for an affordable option while still enjoying all the perks, Sofia is a great choice.
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